TRANSFORMASI PERAN SOSIAL-RELIGIUS SANTRI MADURA DALAM ARUS MODERNITAS

Abstract

This study explores the dynamics of the socio-religious roles of santri (Islamic boarding school students) within the context of modernity, with a specific focus on the santri of Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata in Pamekasan. In the social domain, the religious and communal roles of santri are traditionally shaped through a patronage model between santri and Kyai (Islamic scholars). The santri’s obedience to the Kyai constitutes a core value that underpins their social structure. However, the processes of modernization unfolding in Madura have significantly altered this relational pattern. Santri have begun to expand their roles beyond religious activities into the realms of social engagement, economic participation, and political involvement. This shift has also transformed the nature of the santri–Kyai relationship from a hierarchical model to a more egalitarian one. This research employs a qualitative methodology grounded in a phenomenological approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings indicate that modernization has compelled santri to adopt new roles while still retaining the foundational values of the pesantren tradition. This study offers a critical contribution to understanding the socio-religious transformation among santri and its implications for the evolving religious and social landscape in Madura.

Keywords : Santri, Kyai, Socio-Religious Roles, Socio-Religious Transformation